BIO 554/754
Ornithology

Musculature & Internal Anatomy

Be able to identify the following structures. In addition, for muscles, be able to describe the function of each.
 

Muscles
  pectoralis major
  supracoracoideus
  iliotibialis
 

Digestive System (chicken digestive system) (Lab manual, pp. 176-182)
  esophagus
     crop
  proventriculus
  gizzard
  small intestine
     duodenum
     jejunum
     ileum
  large intestine
  caeca
  cloaca
  liver
  pancreas

Circulatory System (major vessels)
  heart (p. 199 of lab manual)
     right & left atria
     right & left ventricles
     tricuspid valve
     mitral valve
     chordae tendinae
  aorta
     abdominal aorta
  brachiocephalic arteries 
  subclavian arteries & veins
  common carotid arteries
  precavas
  jugular veins (lab manual - p. 195)
  postcava
 

 Respiratory System (Lab manual - pp. 208-209)
  trachea
  syrinx
  right & left bronchus
  right & left lungs
  air sacs (p.209 of lab manual)
     interclavicular
     cervical
     anterior thoracic
     posterior thoracic
     abdominal

Urogenital & Endocrine Systems
  kidneys
  testes
  ovary
  oviduct

Sensory & Nervous Systems
  Brain model:
     cerebral hemispheres (2)
     wulst (8)
     cerebellum (4)
     olfactory bulb (1)
     optic lobe (5)
     hypothalamus (7)
     pituitary (6)
     medulla (9)
  Anatomy of the eye:
     cornea
     iris
     pupil
     sclera
     choroid
     retina
     lens
     anterior chamber
     vitreous body
     pecten
     optic nerve

 

 


1 & 2 - Brachiocephalic arteries (branch off of aorta), 3 - subclavian artery, and 5 - common carotid

 

 

 


The ciliary body is the part of the eye that connects the iris to the choroid. It consists of the ciliary muscle (that alters the curvature of the lens), and
a series of radial ciliary processes (from which the lens is suspended by ligaments) (Figure modified slightly from Saadatlou and Shahrouz 2016).

Useful links:

Bird anatomy

Internal anatomy (pdf)

Body cavity

Brain

 
Pigeon dissection

Literature cited

Saadatlou, M. A. E., and R. Shahrouz. 2016. Anatomical study of the lens and ciliary body in Ostrich eye. Veterinary Research Forum 7: 221-226.

Back to BIO 554/754 Syllabus